Improvement in sewing-machines



J. BACHELDER.

Sewing Machine.

'2 $heets-Sheet 1.

No. 7,659. Patented Sept. 24, 1850.

L M Q: m b N s, N g R x e p w Me R S 2 Sheets-Sheet 2., J. BACHELDER.

Sewing Machine. 7

Patented Sept. 24, 1850.

UNITED TATES JNO. BAGHELDER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 7,659, dated September24, 1850.

1'0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN BACHELDER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Machine forSewing; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exactdescription of the same.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a view of the front orside of the machine opposite to the side where the operator would stand,Fig. 2, an end view; Fig. 3, a central sectional view; Figs. 4, 6, and7, horizontal views of the hook andplier or loop-separator, and Fig. 5 atop view of the same.

The letter a denotes an iron frame set upon and secured by screws orotherwise to the foundation b, which may be the top of a bench or stand.

0 and (I represent two cylinders upon the shaft 6. c is'fi'xed and (Znic'ely fitted and secured by a set-screw to admit of its being drawnback upon the shaft toward the end of the machine,

1 in order to inspect the machinery. inside the cylinders.

f represents a driving-pulley and crank cornbined, which is connected bythe band-g to the pulley h upon the shaft '5. Uponthe same end oftheshaft t is fixed an eccentric, covered in the drawings by thecam-strap and connecting-rod 7', which is jointed to the upright shaft7; and puts in motion the needle Z, which is set by a screw in theneedle-arm an, said arm being made to pass through a hole near the topof the upright shaft and secured in its place by a set-screw, 12. Uponthe opposite end of the shaft i is fixed another eccentric, covered bythe cam-strap and connecting-rod o. Said connecting-rod is jointed tothe lever p, and by means of the pawl q, feeding into the ratchet r, theratchet, being fir'ced upon the same shaft with the cylinders c and (1moves, them and a the cloth or work upon them the length of a stitch atevery revolution of the shaft 1.

Near the center of the shaft 6 is fixed, by a set-screw, thefianged cams. (Represented in Fig. 3 with flanges removed.) The lowerend of thehook and plier-lever i, being held against the surface of this cam S bythe spiral spring a, imparts a vibratory motion to said lever t, causingat every revolution of the shaft t the hook o and plier w uponthe upperend of said lever t to traverse past the needle, catching oil" thethread in its passage toward the guide-pin 00, (see Fig. 4,) whichthread slips back upon the points of the hook and plier against the heelor bend in each, Figs. 5 and 7. The point of the plier'is held againstthe point of the hook Yuntil it passes the needle. By the guidepin it inthe slot g, and as soon as the heel of the plienhas passed theneedle,-the guide-pin or strikes the curve or angle in the slot andthrows the point of the plier, which holds one side of the loop, awayfrom the hook, (see Fig.

5,) thus widening the loop and holding it in the position in Fig. 5until after the needle has retreated from its position when thethreadwas caught off (see Fig. 4) and out of the cloth, and returned, passedthrough thecloth in another place, and through the loop just describedas being held open by the plier. The cylinders and cloth upon them, it,Figs. 1 and 4, were moved, while the needle was out of and above thecloth the length of the stitch, in the manner already described.

The length of the stitch is determined by the distance the axis-of thepawl is set from the axis of theleverp, which, by means of the slot inthe upper end of said lever 1, is made movable at pleasure. The needlehaving returned to the position seen in Fig. 7, at this moment theinclination toward the extreme point of the cam s, Fig. 3, begins topress the lower end of the lever t from the shaft t, and consequentlythe upper end, with the hookand plier, in an opposite directionthat isto say, from the guide-pin or toward the needle. Before the points ofthe hook and plier have reached the needle the plicr-point will havebeen carried back against the point of the hook by the ac: tion of theguide-pin x in the slot 9. When the points of the hook and plier, inbeing carried back, pass the needle, the loop they held slips off, andis drawn up by the thread-spring z, and when the extreme eccentric orpart of the cam most distant from its center presses against the leverthey will have gained their original position or point from which theystarted to catch off the thread from the needle and completed theprocess of making one stitch, of which all subsequent ones are but arepetition.

y y are columns supporting the cross-bar h,

to which are attached the thread-spring z and the friction-spring a. Thecolumns y y also provide bearings for the spool-spindle b. Thefriction-spring a, held against periphery of th iriction-wheel c (whichis fixed upon the end of the spool-spindle) by the screw (1, preventsthe too rapid delivery of the thread from the spool e, andcausingatension of the thread f which' acts upon the thread-spring z anddraws up the loop when released by the hook and plier and the threadmore or less firmly into the cloth being sewed, according to the amountof friction applied to the friction-wheel c by the action of the screw(1.

21, Figs. 1, 3, and 4-, is a center-piece held by being screwed to theframe between the edges of the cylinders directly under the needle, andthrough which there is ahole for the needle to pass. Itsobjeet is tosupport the cloth and prevent it being carried between the cylindersb'y'the needle in piercing it. v The circle center Z is a spur set inaslot in the plate m,

Figs. 1 and 11, opposite the needle-hole by a nut, n, on the under side.The center. of the circle to be sewed is pierced by the spur. The sizeof the circle is enlarged or diminished by sliding the spur in the slotfrom or toward the needle.

The needle 1,1 make from steel wire of suitable size, and in shaping itkeep it round where it passes through the needle-arm, and as muchfarther toward the eye as practicable, in order to retain its stifiness.Commencing above the eye, I cut away either all from one side or partfromtwo opposite sides, so as to leave 'it an oval shape, (see Figs. 12and.13,) leaving more stock in proportion to the size of the needle ateach side of the eye than is retained in the ordinary method, andconsequently much stronger, its width being about double its thickness,as seen in Figs. 8, 9, and 10.

That the circle center hereinbefore described may be more fullyexplained and understood, I would mention that it is designed to sew thetops of caps and other similar work. 1 The spur Z is on a line with theneedle, both being directly over the shafts e and i, the distancebetween the spur and needle being the radius of the circleit will sew.The center of the cap or circle to be sewed is pierced by the spur orpoint Z, rests upon its flange or collar, and re.-. volves round saidspur. The edge of the cloth is carried forward under the needleby beingpressed upon and adhering to the surface 01 the cylinder, the same asother work. To keep the work smooth we find it convenient to use twopieces of pasteboard or thin metal of a di-' spur lto pass through andpha ce the cloth between them.

My machine makes what iscalled the chai 11- stitch-that is to say, aloopwithin aloopa succession of loops, as seen in Fig. 7. I do not claim tohave invented the stitch. That was made by hand before the invention ofany machinery for sewing, and is also made by Morey and Johnson s andReynolds machines.

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

' The machinery herein described for making. 4

the stitch, viz: the combination of the hook 'v, the plier w, and needleI, as constructed and made to operate together, substantially asdescribed.

JOHN BAGHELDER.

Witnesses:

Tnos. J. DELANQ, GHAs. T. DELANO.

